1. Introduction to Metadata for Digital Collections
1.1. What Is Metadata?
1.2. What Is a Digital Collection?
1.3. What Does Metadata Do?
1.4. Types of Metadata
1.5. Metadata Standards
1.6. Creating a Digital Collection
1.7. Metadata for Digital Collections
1.7.1. Designing and Documenting a Metadata Scheme
1.7.2. Creating Metadata for Digital Objects
1.7.3. Metadata Sharing, Harvesting, and Aggregating
1.8. Summary
References
2. Introduction to Resource Description and Dublin Core
2.1. Resource Description Fundamentals
2.1.1. Resource Description
2.1.1.1. Resources
2.1.1.2. Metadata Descriptions and Records
2.1.1.3. Granularity of Description
2.1.1.4. Element Repeatability
2.1.1.5. Element Functionality
2.1.2. Local versus Standard, Shareable Element Sets
2.1.3. Describing Digital versus Original Resources
2.1.3.1. The One-to-One Principle
2.1.3.2. Content versus Carrier
2.1.3.3. Problems with the One-to-One Principle in Practice
2.1.3.4. Practical Options for Maintaining One-to-One
2.1.4. Descriptive versus Administrative Metadata
2.1.5. The Need for Research
2.2. Introduction to the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set
2.2.1. Simple (Unqualified) Dublin Core
2.2.2. Qualified Dublin Core
2.2.3. Creation and Use of Dublin Core Metadata
2.2.4. The Dublin Core Elements in Practice
2.3. Summary
References
3. Resource Identification and Responsibility Elements
3.1. Basic Resource Identification Elements
3.1.1. Titles
3.1.2. Dublin Core Title
3.1.3. Identifiers
3.1.4. Dublin Core Identifier
3.1.5. Dates
3.1.6. Dublin Core Date
3.1.7. Languages
3.1.8. Dublin Core Language
3.1.9. Resource Attributes Not Readily Accommodated in Dublin Core
3.2. Name, Responsibility, and Intellectual Property Elements
3.2.1. Names and Roles of Agents Responsible for Resources
3.2.2. Dublin Core Creator and Contributor
3.2.3. Publishers and Publication
3.2.4. Dublin Core Publisher
3.2.5. Rights, Ownership, and Restrictions on Access
3.2.6. Dublin Core Rights
3.3. Summary
References
4. Resource Content and Relationship Elements
4.1. Resource Content and Carrier Elements
4.1.1. Content Types and Genres
4.1.2. Dublin Core Type
4.1.3. Formats and Physical Description
4.1.4. Dublin Core Format
4.2. Subject Content Elements
4.2.1. Subjects
4.2.1.1. Subject Analysis, Representation, and Retrieval
4.2.1.2. Analyzing and Identifying Subject Content
4.2.1.3. Aboutness, Ofness, Isness, and Facets
4.2.1.4. Exhaustivity: Number of Subject Terms
4.2.1.5. Specificity: Specific versus General Subject Terms
4.2.1.6. Subject Analysis and Indexing of Images
4.2.2. Dublin Core Subject
4.2.3. Dublin Core Coverage
4.2.4. Descriptions, Abstracts, and Tables of Contents
4.2.5. Dublin Core Description
4.3. Resource Relationship Elements
4.3.1. Relationships among Different Resources
4.3.2. Dublin Core Relation and Source
4.4. Dublin Core Full Record Examples
4.5. Mapping Local Elements to Dublin Core
4.6. Summary
References
5. Controlled Vocabularies for Improved Resource Discovery
5.1. Improving Resource Discovery
5.2. Types of Controlled Vocabularies
5.2.1. Lists
5.2.2. Synonym Rings
5.2.3. Authority Files
5.2.4. Taxonomies and Classification Schemes
5.2.5. Thesauri
5.2.6. Subject Heading Lists
5.3. Using Established Vocabularies
5.4. Creating Your Own Vocabularies
5.5. Summary
References
6. XML-Encoded Metadata
6.1. XML Metadata Basics
6.1.1. Introduction to Metadata Encoding and XML
6.1.2. XML Syntax: Elements and Attributes
6.1.3. Well-Formed versus Valid XML
6.1.4. XML Namespaces and Metadata Modularity
6.1.5. Creating Metadata in XML
6.2. XML Metadata Record Examples
6.2.1. Dublin Core in XML
6.2.2. MODS XML
6.3. Anatomy of an XML Metadata Record
6.4. Summary
References
7. MODS: The Metadata Object Description Schema
7.1. Introduction and Overview
7.1.1. MODS Implementation Projects
7.1.2. MODS Documentation
7.1.3. MODS XML Structure
7.1.3.1. Container Elements and Subelements
7.1.3.2. Element Attributes
7.1.4. Flexibility in MODS Level of Detail and Granularity
7.2. MODS Elements: An Overview with Examples
7.2.1. TitleInfo
7.2.2. Name
7.2.3. TypeOfResource
7.2.4. Genre
7.2.5. OriginInfo
7.2.6. Language
7.2.7. PhysicalDescription
7.2.8. Abstract
7.2.9. TableOfContents
7.2.10. TargetAudience
7.2.11. Note
7.2.12. Subject
7.2.13. Classification
7.2.14. RelatedItem
7.2.15. Identifier
7.2.16. Location
7.2.17. AccessCondition
7.2.18. Part
7.2.19. Extension
7.2.20. RecordInfo
7.3. MODS Records
7.3.1. Complete MODS Record Example
7.3.2. Creating MODS XML Records
7.3.3. Displaying and Transforming MODS XML Records
7.3.4. Qualified Dublin Core and MODS Record Comparison
7.4. Mapping from Dublin Core to MODS
7.4.1. Automated Mapping from Simple Dublin Core to Simple MODS
7.4.2. Human Mapping from Qualified Dublin Core to Richer MODS
7.5. Summary
References
8. VRA Core: The Visual Resources Association Core Categories
8.1. Introduction and Overview
8.1.1. Metadata for Museum Objects
8.1.2. Metadata Standards for Museum Objects
8.2. VRA 3.0 Overview
8.3. VRA 3.0 Record Examples
8.4. VRA 4.0 Overview
8.5. VRA 4.0 Record Examples
8.6. Summary
References
9. Metadata Interoperability, Shareability, and Quality
9.1. Interoperability
9.2. Short- and Long-Term Metadata Viability
9.3. Metadata Sharing, Harvesting, and Aggregating
9.4. OAI Metadata Harvesting
9.5. Metadata Mapping and Crosswalks
9.6. Metadata Conversion and Processing
9.7. Example of Metadata Harvesting, Processing, and Aggregating
9.8. Good Quality and Shareable Metadata
9.9. Assessing Metadata Quality
9.10. Five Ways to Improve Your Metadata Quality and Interoperability
9.11. Summary
References
10. Designing and Documenting a Metadata Scheme
10.1. Metadata Scheme Design and Documentation
10.1.1. Introduction
10.1.2. Analyze Context, Content, and Users, and Determine Functional Requirements
10.1.3. Select and Develop an Element Set
10.1.3.1. General/Cross-Collection Metadata Scheme Design
10.1.3.2. Collection-Specific Metadata Scheme Design
10.1.3.3. Factors in Choice of Metadata Element Set
10.1.4. Establish Element and Database Specifications
10.1.5. Establish Controlled Vocabularies and Encoding Schemes
10.1.6. Develop Content Guidelines
10.1.7. Document the Scheme
10.2. Metadata Design Examples
10.2.1. General Application Profile Examples
10.2.1.1. Collaborative Digitization Program Dublin Core Metadata Documentation
10.2.1.2. OhioLINK Dublin Core Metadata Documentation
10.2.1.3. Indiana Memory Dublin Core Metadata Documentation
10.2.1.4. DLF/Aquifer MODS Metadata Documentation
10.2.2. Collection-Specific Application Profile Examples
10.2.2.1. University of Washington’s Architecture Collection Metadata Documentation
10.2.2.1. University of Washington’s Musical Instruments Collection Metadata Documentation
10.2.2.1. University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee’s Transportation Collection Metadata Documentation
10.2.3. CONTENTdm Examples
10.3. Summary
References
11. Metadata, Linked Data, and the Semantic Web
11.1. What Are Linked Data and the Semantic Web and Why Care about Them?
11.2. Linked Open Data and the Resource Description Framework
11.2.1. Statements, Properties, Values, and RDF Triples
11.2.2. URIs: Uniform Resource Identifiers
11.2.3. Literals, Strings, and Things
11.2.4. The Power of Linking and Querying in the Linked Data Cloud
11.2.5. RDF/XML
11.3. Linked Data and Digital Collections
11.4. Dublin Core: From a Core Metadata Element Set for the Web to a Core Vocabulary for Linked Data
11.4.1. The DCMI Abstract Model (DCAM)
11.4.2. Dublin Core Application Profiles
11.5. Metadata Registries
11.6. What Does All of This Have to Do with Me?
11.7. Summary
References